c - issue in gprof(always accounting as zero) -
i having following program
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> typedef struct struct_node { int data; struct struct_node *next; }node; typedef node* list; list st=null; list prev; list insert(list); list delete(list); void display(list); int n; main() { int ch; while(1) { printf("menu\n"); printf("----\n"); printf("1.insert\n"); printf("2.delete\n"); printf("3.print\n"); printf("4.exit\n"); printf("enter choice:"); scanf("%d",&ch); switch(ch) { case 1: st=insert(st); printf("new node inserted successfully\n"); break; case 2: st=delete(st); printf("\ndeletion successful.contents are:\n"); display(st); break; case 3: display(st); break; case 4: exit(0); default: printf("it invalid choice\n"); exit(0); } } } void display(list temp) { sleep(100); printf("the linked list\n"); printf("---------------\n"); while(temp) { printf("%d\n",temp->data); temp=temp->next; } } list insert(list temp) { list new; int i=0; int first=0; int ch; list prev,current; printf("enter data insert:"); scanf("%d",&n); printf("menu\n"); printf("----\n"); printf("1.insert @ first\n"); printf("2.insert @ last \n"); printf("3.insert @ middle\n"); printf("enter choice:"); scanf("%d",&ch); switch(ch) { case 1: new=(list)malloc(sizeof(list)); new->data=n; new->next=temp; st=new; return st; break; case 2: st=temp; while(temp->next!=null) temp=temp->next; new=(list)malloc(sizeof(list)); temp->next=new; new->data=n; new->next=null; return st; break; case 3: new=(list)malloc(sizeof(list)); new->data=n; st=temp; while(temp->next!=null) { ++i; prev=temp; if(prev->data < n) { ++first; current=prev->next; if(current->data > n) { new->next=current; prev->next=new; return st; } } temp=temp->next; } if(i==0) { if(temp->data < n) { temp->next=new; new->data=n; new->next=null; } else { new->next=temp; temp->next=null; st=new; } } else { if(first==0) { new->next=temp; new->data=n; return st; } temp->next=new; new->data=n; new->next=null; } return st; break; default: printf("invalid choice\n"); break; } } list delete(list temp) { int ch; int val; display(st); printf("menu\n"); printf("1.delete first\n"); printf("2.delete last node\n"); printf("3.delete middle\n"); printf("enter option:"); scanf("%d",&ch); switch(ch) { case 1: temp=temp->next; st=temp; return st; break; case 2: st=temp; prev=st; while(temp->next!=null) { prev=temp; temp=temp->next; } prev->next=null; return st; break; case 3: st=temp; prev=st; printf("enter data removed\n"); scanf("%d",&val); while(temp->data!=val) { prev=temp; temp=temp->next; } prev->next=temp->next; return st; break; default: printf("invalid choice\n"); exit(0); } } i tried profile above program.
i have compiled program follows
cc -pg linklistadv.c
then ran program follows
./a.out menu ---- 1.insert 2.delete 3.print 4.exit enter choice:1 enter data insert:1 menu ---- 1.insert @ first 2.insert @ last 3.insert @ middle enter choice:1 new node inserted menu ---- 1.insert 2.delete 3.print 4.exit enter choice:3 linked list --------------- 1 menu ---- 1.insert 2.delete 3.print 4.exit enter choice:4 now used gprof command follows gprof -p a.out gmon.out
but showing output follows
flat profile: each sample counts 0.01 seconds. no time accumulated % cumulative self self total time seconds seconds calls ts/call ts/call name 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 display 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 insert % percentage of total running time of time program used function. cumulative running sum of number of seconds accounted seconds function , listed above it. self number of seconds accounted seconds function alone. major sort listing. calls number of times function invoked, if function profiled, else blank. self average number of milliseconds spent in ms/call function per call, if function profiled, else blank. total average number of milliseconds spent in ms/call function , descendents per call, if function profiled, else blank. name name of function. minor sort listing. index shows location of function in gprof listing. if index in parenthesis shows appear in gprof listing if printed. what problem? why showing 0.00 time accounted? display function run 100 seconds. showing time 0.00 only. please guide me.
thanks in advance!
sleep(100) not use 100 seconds of cpu time. instead, os's kernel suspends program execution. gprof measures used cpu time, not time program suspended. might want search explanations of "cpu time" , "wallclock time".
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